Thesis topic:

A Taxonomy of Modelling Techniques for Digital Twin Systems

  • Supervisor: Mubashar Iqbal
    • contact: mubashar.iqbal@ut.ee
  • Digital Twin (DT) is a virtual representation of a physical system that is kept in sync with its real-world counterpart. Designing and implementing DTs involves multiple modelling tasks, e.g., conceptual modelling, data flow modelling, behavioral modelling, and architectural modelling, among others. However, the landscape of modelling techniques applicable to DTs is fragmented: researchers and practitioners adopt notations such as BPMN, SysML, UML, ArchiMate, ontologies, Petri nets, etc., often without a clear understanding of their strengths, limitations, and scope of applicability. Thus, this thesis aims to develop a systematic taxonomy (classification) of modelling techniques for DT systems, providing clear guidance on: (i) what to model (aspects of a DT system), (ii) how to model it (techniques and formalisms), and (iii) where each technique fits in the DT design and lifecycle. Based on these directions, the main objectives of this research are to identify and analyze the major modelling techniques used in DT research and practice. Define a taxonomy that classifies these techniques based on criteria such as abstraction level, purpose, domain, and formality. Demonstrate the taxonomy with illustrative examples and case studies. Provide recommendations for selecting appropriate techniques for different DT scenarios.
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